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White House Government Transparency Task ForceGovernment Transparency Task Force Statement on Declassified PRC Voter-Roll IntelligenceChina data — This 13 July 2026 White House statement announces the Government Transparency Task Force's first disclosure of declassified U.S. Intelligence Community records, created by President Trump in May 2026. It states the declassified intelligence reveals that voter registration rolls from at least 18 states (not all named) were compromised by the People's Republic of China, and that additional records show more than 200 million voter records were compromised without state-specific affiliations. The statement says President Trump is alerting congressional and state leaders to election-infrastructure vulnerabilities in the states identified by name.13 July 2026

Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security AgencyCISA Election Report: Security of U.S. Election Systems (2019–2024 Assessments)Voting systems — This CISA (DHS) election report, marked 'as of July 13, 2026,' summarizes CISA's 2019–2024 technical and operational assessments of US election systems, all conducted at the request of system owners. It concludes that election software, like all complex software, contains vulnerabilities requiring timely remediation, that outdated certification regimes constrain patching, and that many SLTT election networks lack cybersecurity hygiene, creating exploitable pathways.As of 13 July 2026

Department of Homeland SecurityDHS Report: Recognizing and Addressing Threats to Statewide Voter Registration DatabasesNoncitizensUnclassified — A DHS report dated July 2026 providing an unclassified overview of threats to statewide voter registration databases from foreign and domestic actors, drawing on intelligence community, law enforcement, and state election official reporting. Its executive summary states that recently declassified records revealed China breached multiple state voter registration systems prior to the 2020 election, and asserts hackers have attempted breaches in all 50 states with confirmed successes in at least 20. The report chronicles a decade of reported breaches attributed to Russian, Chinese, and Iranian actors, outlines how stolen data could be used to obtain absentee ballots or alter/delete registrations, and recommends cybersecurity mitigations for election officials.July 2026

Central Intelligence AgencyCIA Note: Summary of Intelligence Reporting (2004–2020) on Venezuela's Electronic Voting Manipulation CapabilitiesVoting systems — This CIA Note, dated 29 June 2026 and declassified by D/CIA Ratcliffe in July 2026, summarizes select Intelligence Community reporting from 2004–2020 on Venezuela's electronic-voting manipulation capabilities. It states the reporting documented sustained Venezuelan government interest and likely some capability to manipulate electronic voting systems, including Smartmatic technology, but that CIA's baseline assessments did not definitively confirm large-scale electronic fraud was successfully executed in specific elections.29 June 2026

Department of Homeland SecurityDHS Summary: Preventing Alien VotingNoncitizens — A Department of Homeland Security summary titled 'Preventing Alien Voting' that states DHS has initiated multiple investigations into alleged non-citizen voting and registration. It asserts that review of the first set of public voter files from four states that had not used the SAVE system — identified as California, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Nevada — revealed over 250,000 non-citizens allegedly registered to vote, and reports that, as of June 22, 2026, 25 states processed more than 68 million records through the SAVE system, identifying over 400,000 deceased registrants and over 28,000 non-citizens. The document criticizes a court ruling by Judge Sparkle Sooknanan for suspending USCIS SAVE enhancements and frames a contrast between state policies, attributing the issue to the prior administration's border policies.2026

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit Closing Communication: Michigan Voter-Registration Investigation (Sept 2025)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — This FBI Detroit (Grand Rapids Resident Agency) communication, dated 25 September 2025, closes the Michigan voter-registration investigation (case 56D-DE-3407960). It states no further investigation is warranted because logical leads were exhausted and the investigation did not identify a criminal violation or a priority national-security threat. It states the FBI found no evidence that anyone submitted false voter registrations, that interviews of a redacted subject and several canvassers indicated canvassers were not instructed to falsify registration information, and that the AUSA concurred with closing.25 September 2025

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Voter-Registration Office Clerk Interview (Debit Cards; Alleged Trump-Vote Suppression)MichiganUnclassified — In an FBI FD-302 interview memo (interview 7 July 2025), a witness whose name is redacted stated she responded to a mid-2020 online advertisement and worked as an office clerk (approximately $500-600 per week) for a Michigan voter-registration company from roughly August to October 2020, redacting completed voter forms turned in by door-to-door canvassers. She described canvassers paid about $10 per hour plus per-form bonuses via debit cards that had to be activated with an ID and Social Security number, and compared working there to 'working for a mobster.' She stated she was never asked or paid to submit false applications and did not know whether anyone did, but said that afterward she felt the organization was 'possibly trying to suppress' votes for President Trump.7 July 2025

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Albany IIR Recall: Inspection Division Strategic Review Briefing Handout (Tabs 1-6)China dataUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — This multi-tab FBI Inspection Division briefing handout, produced for a July 2025 Strategic Review, compiles records surrounding the September 2020 dissemination and same-day recall of FBI Albany raw intelligence report IIR 4 212 7305 20, which concerned alleged PRC election-related activity. It reproduces flow charts, policy excerpts, a minute-by-minute timeline of 25 September 2020 emails and Skype messages between CD DAD Nikki Floris and Cyber DAD Tonya Ugoretz, the recalled IIR text, and later email threads. The records document internal debate over sourcing and note that participants observed the reporting would contradict Director Wray's congressional testimony; the handout was approved for public release by Counsel to the President Warrington on 10 July 2026.2020-2025

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Interview of Voter-Registration Canvasser (Dec 2023)Michigan — This FBI FD-302 (entered 12/20/2023, drafted 12/18/2023) records an interview of a canvasser who worked for a redacted company between about September and October 2020, dropped off at stores to ask patrons whether they were registered to vote. The interviewee states she was paid by Visa card every two weeks based on hours worked, met daily goals with no incentives per form, and did not forge signatures. She states she suspected younger employees might be forging signatures because they returned with many more signed forms, and that supervisors said the work was cleared with the Secretary of State.20 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Canvasser Interview (Likely Forged Signatures)MichiganUnclassified — In an FBI FD-302 telephonic interview conducted 14 December 2023 in Muskegon, Michigan, a male canvasser whose name is redacted initially could not recall the job, then remembered working only a couple of weeks in the fall (2020 election) collecting signatures for voter registration and being paid based on how many signatures he collected. He stated he could not specifically remember whether he forged signatures but 'probably did at some point' and believed people would fake signatures. An agent confirmed his handwriting and signature on the canvasser contract.14 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Worker Interview (Sat in Car; Fabricated Names on Forms)MichiganUnclassified — In an FBI FD-302 recording interviews on 13 and 15 December 2023 in Muskegon, Michigan, an individual whose name is redacted initially denied ever working such a job and cited past identity theft, and an agent note explains that a Social Security number digit had been misread on the canvasser contract. In a follow-up call the interviewee recalled working about one week for a company tasked with finding people to register to vote, said a friend told him he could 'just make up names on the form and get paid,' and stated that he never collected any real names, instead sitting in his car the whole shift and writing down a friend's or relative's name to have something to turn in.13 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Canvasser Interview (Other Office Instructed to Fabricate Data)MichiganUnclassified — In an FBI FD-302 telephonic interview conducted 13 December 2023 in Muskegon, Michigan, a canvasser whose name is redacted stated that in 2020 she was employed by an organization that registered people to vote, working roughly four-hour shifts soliciting registrations mostly outside gas stations. She said she turned collected registrations in to two managers who placed them in envelopes, was paid hourly, and there were no incentives tied to the number of registrations submitted. She recalled that at another office, canvassers were instructed by management to make up phone numbers and dates of birth on voter registration applications.13 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Canvasser Interview (Paid Per Registration; Others Falsified Forms)MichiganUnclassified — In an FBI FD-302 telephonic interview conducted 12 December 2023 in Muskegon, Michigan, a canvasser whose name is redacted stated that in 2020 she was employed by an organization that helped register people to vote, was given a T-shirt, and was paid based on the number of signatures she collected (money loaded onto a 'card'), required to submit two to three applications to be paid. She described supervisors as a Black male and a Black female who was 'running things' at the Muskegon location on Broadway and Hoyt. She stated that most employees submitted registrations with false information because it was 'easy money,' but said she personally never fabricated information or signatures and only heard about others doing so.12 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Canvasser Interview (Marijuana or Cash Traded for Registrations)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — In an FBI FD-302 telephonic interview conducted 12 December 2023 (marked UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO), a canvasser whose name is redacted stated that in 2020 she registered voters outside a Walmart, wore a green and blue shirt, reported to an office in a former eye-care center, and was paid $400 every two weeks via prepaid debit card with no bonus or incentive. She said she was never directed to make up information and never submitted false applications herself, but knew of other canvassers who would trade marijuana and/or money for voter registration applications and were 'probably' submitting applications with fictitious names. Agents attached Facebook screenshots of named supervisors and confirmed her signed canvassing contracts.12 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Interview of Muskegon Voter-Registration Canvasser (Dec 2023)Michigan — This FBI FD-302 records a 12 December 2023 interview (entered 12/15/2023) of a canvasser who worked for a redacted organization in 2020 in the Muskegon, Michigan area registering voters. The interviewee states he was tasked to find unregistered people, was paid hourly at roughly $700-800 per week, and was never asked to and never did fraudulently complete applications, though he knew some workers earned more for more signatures. He states some people believed they worked for Joe Biden and that canvassers were also tasked to hang fliers urging votes for Biden, and that he later heard the organization's building was raided by police.12 December 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI FD-302: Michigan Canvasser Interview (Widespread Fabricated Registrations)MichiganUnclassified — In an FBI FD-302 telephonic interview conducted 12 December 2023, a worker whose name is redacted described applying in Fall 2020 at a Muskegon office (a former eyeglass store) run by a 'tall thin white male,' where more than 100 people stood outside businesses asking people to register to vote and were paid per completed registration via weekly debit card (approximately $800 per payday). She alleged that at a meeting of more than 100 employees, a supervisor demonstrated filling out an application with made-up information and directed employees to fabricate applications to meet quotas (7-8 per solo shift, 10 with a partner), instructing them to make up names and Social Security numbers but not use their own. She estimated she personally submitted about 100 fake applications and believed there were thousands overall, said everyone in the office was aware it was occurring, and stated that any claim by the leaders that they told employees not to submit fake applications would be 'lying.'12 December 2023

DOJPIN Email Concurring in Canvasser Interviews Only After Michigan's November 2023 Election (3 Oct 2023)Michigan — This document is a 3 October 2023 email thread in which a Department of Justice Public Integrity Section (PIN) Election Crimes Branch official responds to an FBI Detroit request to interview approximately 100 individuals who served as canvassers in Michigan's 2020 election as part of a potential voter-registration-fraud investigation. According to the email, the matter implicates DOJ's election non-interference policy (JM § 9-85.300) and election-year sensitivities policy (JM § 9-85.500), because Michigan voter registration is unitary and interviews close to the 11/7/2023 election could create a public perception of the Department and FBI acting to affect that election. PIN concurs in the interviews only after the November 7, 2023 election is concluded, certified, and uncontested, suggesting December 2023, while permitting covert activity and coordination beforehand, and asks to be consulted before overt activity near the February 27, 2024 and August 6, 2024 elections.3 Oct 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit EC: Database Checks Spreadsheet on 107 Voter Registration Applications (19 May 2023)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED — An FBI Detroit Field Office FD-1057 Electronic Communication, dated 05/19/2023 under Case ID 56D-DE-3407960, transmits a spreadsheet documenting database checks on 107 voter registration applications drawn from evidence item 1B1 (a box of forms, MUPD PR# 94333). According to the document, the searches found that 91 individuals returned no results, while 16 were confirmed to be existing people, of whom only four had signatures on file matching the signatures on the associated application. The record is marked UNCLASSIFIED.19 May 2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit (Grand Rapids) Transmittal Email: Voter Fraud SpreadsheetMichiganUNCLASSIFIED — An FBI transmittal email, sent from the FBI Detroit field office (Grand Rapids) on April 28, 2023, forwarding an attached 'voter fraud spreadsheet' (Person Checks_2023.xlsx) described as detailing all information and the outcome of a persons search. The email notes a separate 'Stats' spreadsheet providing percentage breakdowns per the recipient's request, and offers to add specific statistics. The message is marked UNCLASSIFIED and flagged as transitory; sender and recipient identities are redacted, and the underlying spreadsheet is not included in the extracted text.28 Apr 2023

DOJPIN Concurrence Email and Database-Check Results on 20 Muskegon Voter Registration Applications (2 Feb 2023)Michigan — This document is a 2 February 2023 email from a Department of Justice Public Integrity Section (PIN) Election Crimes Branch official stating that PIN concurs in a full grand-jury investigation into the alleged voter-registration-fraud matter in the Western District of Michigan, limited to applications where the purported applicant does not exist or appears fabricated and where signatures appear substantially similar across applications. According to the email, the concurrence does not extend to applications bearing the names of actual persons with a unique signature, and no federal public statement should be made without conferring with PIN. The document also contains detailed database-check results on 20 randomly selected applications, concluding that seven contained completely fabricated information, several contained real names with mismatched details, and seven contained all or nearly all correct information.2 Feb 2023

U.S. Intelligence CommunityPRC Discussion of Targeting 2024 U.S. Elections (2023 Information)China dataTop Secret (portions); declassified — A redacted document from a sensitive government agency, declassified 10 July 2026, reports 2023 information describing PRC-linked discussion of targeting the 2024 U.S. elections. It references voter registration information from a named but redacted U.S. state entity and an intent to observe the voting situation in an unidentified swing state ahead of time. Analytic notes in the document assess that references to 'the election the following year' and requests for a list of swing states almost certainly concern the 2024 U.S. congressional or presidential elections.2023

U.S. Intelligence CommunityPRC Shares 2020 U.S. Voter Registration Data for Cities in Seven States (2023)China data — A redacted document from a sensitive government agency, declassified 10 July 2026, reports that in 2023 a PRC-linked party shared 2020 U.S. voter registration data for cities within seven U.S. states and discussed whether it held data on Connecticut and Massachusetts. It states a party indicated it had previously purchased 2020 voter data and provided a sample containing records from cities within Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Ohio, Michigan, and North Carolina. Portions of the document, including the identities of the parties, are redacted.2023

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit EC: Database Searches on a Michigan Voter Registration Form (12 May 2022)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — An FBI Detroit Field Office FD-1057 Electronic Communication, dated 05/12/2022, states that on 5 May 2022 the writer conducted searches in the Clear and Accurint databases and through the Secretary of State to determine whether information on a subject's voter registration form was fraudulent. According to the document, the searches returned no results for the named individual (including with the listed date of birth), and the address listed on the voter registration form does not exist. The record is marked UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO as a Sensitive Investigative Matter, with the subject's identifying details redacted.12 May 2022

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit EC: Database Searches on a Muskegon Voter Registration Form, Case 56D-DE-3407960 (31 Mar 2022)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — An FBI Detroit Field Office FD-1057 Electronic Communication, dated 03/31/2022 and bearing Case ID 56D-DE-3407960, states that on 22 March 2022 the writer conducted searches in Accurint, Clear, and through the Secretary of State to test a subject's voter registration form for fraud. According to the document, there were no returns matching the listed date of birth, the listed address is not a residence in Muskegon with an incorrect zip code, and the listed phone number is inactive. The record is marked UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO as a Sensitive Investigative Matter, with subject identifiers redacted.31 Mar 2022

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit EC: Database Searches on a Muskegon Voter Registration Form (31 Mar 2022)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — An FBI Detroit Field Office FD-1057 Electronic Communication, dated 03/31/2022, states that on 22 March 2022 the writer conducted searches in Accurint, Clear, and through the Secretary of State to assess whether information on a subject's voter registration form was fraudulent. According to the document, there were no database returns matching the listed date of birth, the listed address is not a residence in Muskegon and its zip code is incorrect, and the listed phone number is inactive. The record is marked UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO as a Sensitive Investigative Matter, with subject identifiers redacted.31 Mar 2022

U.S. Intelligence CommunityNetwork Defense Notice: PRC Cyber Actor Downloaded Voter Registration Data for Six States (Jan 2022)China data — This redacted, substantively revised network defense notice states that a PRC computer network exploitation (CNE) actor downloaded publicly available U.S. voter registration information for six states - Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Michigan, Oklahoma, and Rhode Island - from U.S. commercial websites and a U.S. IP address on 14 January 2022. It adds that the same actor showed interest in, but failed to download, an Ohio voter registration application. The notice states the data (2013-2021, including names, party affiliations, and contact information) is publicly available and that the actor's actual motivations are unknown; it was declassified by Counsel to the President Warrington on 10 July 2026.14 January 2022

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit Email on GBI Strategies: Concerns Over Limited Investigative ScopeMichigan — In an email exchange dated 3-4 January 2022, an FBI Detroit special agent (name redacted) wrote to a prosecutor as the investigation was preparing to close, raising concerns about the 'limited scope that PIN approved' into the fraudulent voter registration applications. Citing the DOJ Public Integrity Section's December 2017 'Federal Prosecution of Election Offenses,' the agent quoted statutes (52 U.S.C. Sections 10307(c) and 20511(2)) on submitting fictitious names and false information, and the manual's guidance on 'bounty-hunting' per-registration canvassing, arguing this type of fraud would warrant a full field investigation. The agent acknowledged that proving the conduct was done 'willfully' would be difficult but wanted to raise the concerns before closing and to better understand the reasoning behind not approving a full investigation.4 January 2022

Office of the Director of National IntelligenceEmail: 'Everyone's favorite topic' — NIO for Cyber on IC Consistency in Attributing Chinese Election InfluenceVoting systems — This 23 December 2021 email, authored by the ODNI/National Intelligence Council National Intelligence Officer for Cyber, critiques an IC report for inconsistency in attributing Chinese cyber-unit activity. The author argues the report characterizes as 'Chinese military' and election-influence a unit that in 2020 the IC said it could not attribute, and questions the non-partisan basis for the IC making such calls.23 December 2021

ODNI / National Intelligence CouncilNIO for Cyber Email Alleging Inconsistent IC Standards on Chinese Election InfluenceChina data — An email dated 23 December 2021 from the National Intelligence Officer for Cyber (ODNI/National Intelligence Council) criticizing an intelligence report for what the author characterizes as inconsistent analytic standards. The author asserts the report cites some of the same intelligence and logic used in 2020—when, per the email, the IC said certain units were not engaged in election influence but were only issue-focused—to now argue that China is influencing a (redacted) election. The author contends that a unit the IC in 2020 said it could not attribute is now characterized as an election-influence unit attributed to the Chinese Government, and suggests the inconsistency be highlighted for oversight.23 Dec 2021

U.S. Department of Justice, Public Integrity Section (PIN)DOJ Public Integrity Section Concurrence with Michigan Prosecution Declination (Email Chain)Michigan — An email chain in which the DOJ Public Integrity Section (PIN) states that, based on prior calls with the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Western District of Michigan and other information, it understands the offices have evaluated the matter and are not seeking further investigative or prosecutive action, and that PIN concurs with that conclusion. An earlier email in the chain (October 20, 2021) references a prior discussion of a financial review and the content of a Michigan Attorney General's Office casefile, and requests a letter regarding DOJ/PIN's view on concurrence or nonconcurrence. Sender and recipient identities are redacted.4 Nov 2021

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Internal Email Thread: Concerns About Closing the Michigan Voter-Registration Case (Oct-Nov 2021)Michigan — This redacted FBI email thread (October-November 2021) records an FBI employee expressing discomfort with closing the Michigan voter-registration case without first raising concerns. Citing the DOJ Public Integrity Section's 'Federal Prosecution of Election Offenses' (Dec 2017), the author argues that submitting fictitious or false voter registration information can constitute federal election fraud under 52 U.S.C. 10307(c), and that bounty-hunting-style paid registration can motivate fraudulent registrations even without fraudulent votes. The author also notes discomfort that a colleague's wording framed DOJ PIN as concurring with, rather than directing, the decision not to prosecute, while acknowledging proving 'willfulness' would be difficult.October-November 2021

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Guardian Complaint: Southfield, MI Resident Reports Receiving Ballot Without Registering (FD-71A, 5 Oct 2021)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED — This FBI FD-1036 Import Form captures an FD-71A Guardian complaint (document dated 10/05/2021, Guardian 694326 DE) titled as possible election fraud in Southfield, Michigan, filed under the Detroit zero file for election-law matters. According to the complaint, made on 12/08/2020, the complainant reported that on 11/03/2020 an unknown subject wearing a Biden shirt came to her home, offered to collect her absentee ballot and to register her to vote using a tablet, and that she declined and provided no personal information. The document states she later received a voter registration ID card and what she believed was an absentee ballot in the mail despite never registering, that she shredded the ballot, and that an open-source query of Michigan's mvic.sos.state.mi.us voter site nonetheless showed her as a registered voter.5 Oct 2021

U.S. Department of Justice Public Integrity SectionPIN / EDMI Declination Email Chain: Michigan Voter-Registration Fraud AuthorizationsMichigan — An email chain spanning February to August 2021 among DOJ Public Integrity Section (PIN), U.S. Attorney's offices, and the FBI documents authorization and declination decisions on the Michigan voter-registration-fraud matter. It records that on 11 March 2021 PIN concurred in a full field grand-jury investigation into allegations involving the 'blue cards' but did not concur, barring further predication, with a separate investigation focused purely on the voter-registration fraud already investigated by Michigan state officials; an 1 April 2021 message concurred in the preliminary step of contacting state and local authorities and requested data on the number and percentage of registrations found fraudulent. Background text states that on 5 October 2020 the City of Muskegon Clerk's Office began flagging applications as potentially fraudulent (nonexistent addresses, invalid phone numbers, signature-matching issues, similar handwriting), estimated at 8,000 to 10,000 applications, that the Michigan State Police executed a search warrant on 29 October 2020 and observed boxes of 'blue cards' or reloadable debit cards said to pay workers, and a 12 August 2021 message relays advice that 'no further action should be taken in this District at this time.'12 August 2021

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit Opening EC: Michigan Fraudulent Voter-Registration Investigation (Case 56D-DE-3407960)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED — This FBI Detroit Electronic Communication (FD-1057), dated 16 March 2021, opens a full public-corruption investigation into alleged fraudulent voter registrations submitted to the Muskegon City Clerk's Office around the 2020 election. It records that Michigan State Police, the Michigan Attorney General, and Muskegon police were already investigating an entity that allegedly delivered an estimated 8,000-10,000 registrations, some with fraud indicators, and that MSP found prepaid debit cards during a search. Names and identifiers are redacted; DOJ Public Integrity Section and the U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Michigan were consulted.16 March 2021

Federal Bureau of InvestigationEmail: FBI Comments on the ICA Draft Minority View (Nikki Floris, FBI Counterintelligence Division)Voting systems — This 30 December 2020 email from FBI Counterintelligence Division DAD Nikki Floris conveys FBI comments on a draft Intelligence Community Assessment (ICA), focused on the minority view regarding Chinese election activity. Floris states an 'absolute red line' that any minority-view analysis meet the same analytic standards as the rest of the ICA and objects to specific claims she characterizes as misleading.30 December 2020

National Security AgencyEmail Thread: 'NSA Deliberately Messaging Elections PDB'China data — A redacted email thread dated 23 November 2020, with the subject line 'NSA deliberately messaging elections PDB,' among Intelligence Community and National Intelligence Council officials. It reproduces a 20 November message from an NSA Strategic Intelligence Analyst stating, 'We have deliberately massaged our one pending PDB to avoid any direct links to the election,' and that a larger pending report had been 'chopped up into 13 reports' to be cross-posted or downgraded for the 45-day assessment. A recipient writes that they 'would be concerned as to why they are "deliberately massaging" analysis away from elections.'23 Nov 2020

National Security AgencyEmail Chain on Cross-Posting/Downgrading Reporting for the 45-Day China ICA SectionChina data — A fragmentary, heavily redacted email chain dated around 20 November 2020 among NSA and ODNI/National Intelligence Council election-threat staff concerning the '45 day ICA China Section' drafting effort. The messages discuss cross-posting and downgrading the classification of election-relevant reporting so it can be incorporated into the 45-day Intelligence Community Assessment. The Director of Election Threat Analysis thanks NSA for 'making election-relevant [reporting] usable.'20 Nov 2020

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Michigan Voter-Registration Investigation Four-Year Case Timeline (2020-2024), Case 56D-DE-3407960Michigan — This document is a chronological case timeline for FBI case 56D-DE-3407960, running from 10/27/2020 to 10/25/2024, tracking the Michigan voter-registration fraud investigation from an initial Michigan State Police briefing of the FBI Detroit Election Team through repeated Public Integrity Section (PIN) guidance and a February 2023 full field investigation authorization. It records database checks on batches of 20, 100, and 107 voter registration applications, mass interviews of canvassers in December 2023, and FBI Laboratory handwriting/questioned-documents analysis. According to the timeline, the U.S. Attorney's Office advised in July 2024 there would be no prosecution and the case agent sought a written declination, though an entry states the USAO was reconsidering prosecution as of October 2024.2020-2024

U.S. Intelligence CommunityMemo: Foreign Analysis of U.S. Voter-Registration Data From 18 States (Person-Matching & Public-Opinion Analysis)China data — This heavily redacted memo (its originating agency and the foreign actor blacked out under a 'Sensitive Government Agency' banner) records analysis of U.S. voter-registration information acquired from 18 states, describing plans to conduct U.S.-person matching and public-opinion analysis. It states the data contained extensive personally identifiable information that could be used to analyze, discover, or evaluate the identities of U.S. persons and to inform U.S. General Election opinion analysis.Undated

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI Detroit EC: Original Muskegon MSP Referral on Alleged Fraudulent Voter Registrations, Case 56-DE-3249380 (29 Oct 2020)MichiganUNCLASSIFIED//FOUO — This FBI Detroit Field Office Electronic Communication, dated 10/29/2020 under Case ID 56-DE-3249380 (Muskegon III Assessment), summarizes allegations that fraudulent voter registrations were being submitted to the Muskegon City Clerk's Office (MCCO), a matter referred to law enforcement by the MCCO and investigated by Michigan State Police, the Michigan Attorney General, and the Muskegon Police Department. According to the document, from on or about 10/5/2020 the MCCO received six mailed packages of voter registration applications that appeared fraudulent based on non-existent addresses, invalid phone numbers, mismatched signatures, and repeated handwriting, with an estimated 8,000-10,000 total applications submitted. The EC states a paid canvasser was linked to similar registration drives in Detroit, Ypsilanti, Southfield, Flint, and Lansing, that MSP obtained a GPS tracking warrant, and that search warrants were anticipated on 10/29/2020.29 Oct 2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunityPRC Collection of U.S. Consumer, Military, and Voter Registration DatabasesChina data — A redacted document from a sensitive government agency, declassified 10 July 2026, describes PRC collection of U.S. consumer, military, and voter registration databases and capabilities to conduct identity-verification checks of U.S. persons. It states the databases contain personally identifiable information for a redacted number of millions of Americans, and lists holdings including a U.S. consumer database, state voter registration databases (naming Georgia and Iowa among partially redacted states), and a registered U.S. military personnel information database. The document characterizes the aggregate as building a comprehensive PII baseline on U.S. persons.Undated

Office of the Director of National IntelligenceNIC Memorandum: Making the Case That China Has Taken Some Steps to Influence the Presidential Election (16 Oct 2020)Voting systems — This National Intelligence Council Memorandum (NICM 2020-09381), dated 16 October 2020, presents an alternative view from the NIO for Cyber and the Director for Election Threat Analysis (D/ETA) that differs from the IC's mainline judgment. They assess with low-to-medium confidence that Beijing took at least some low-level, exploratory steps to undermine the President's reelection by denigrating him and shaping voter perceptions.16 October 2020

ODNI / National Intelligence CouncilEmail Announcing a NIC 'Alternative Analysis' Memo on the China/Election StoryChina data — An email thread (messages dated 5–6 October 2020, with a coordination deadline of 7 October) from the Director of Election Threat Analysis (NIC/DNI Election Threat Executive) announcing that the NIO for Cyber and the Director would publish an 'alternative analysis' NIC memo reflecting a different view of the China/election story than had appeared in production. The email states their lead assessment, in non-compartmented form, is that 'Beijing has taken some low-level, exploratory steps to denigrate the President and shape voter perceptions ahead of the election.' It notes the memo would be explicitly labeled as the perspective of the NIO Cyber and the Director only, would include a text box laying out the IC mainline analysis, and invites coordination input by COB 7 October.5–7 Oct 2020

Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBI IIR (Uncorroborated): Alleged PRC Fraudulent Drivers' Licenses for Mail-In VotesChina data — An FBI Intelligence Information Report (IIR), marked 'INFORMATION REPORT, NOT FINALLY EVALUATED INTELLIGENCE,' disseminated from the Director, FBI to field offices and interagency recipients and later provided to Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Grassley. The report relays raw, uncorroborated source reporting alleging that, as of late August 2020, the Chinese government had produced a large quantity of fraudulent US drivers' licenses secretly exported to the United States to enable tens of thousands of CCP-sympathetic Chinese students and immigrants to cast fraudulent mail-in votes for presidential candidate Joe Biden. The IIR carries an explicit warning that the reporting is raw, has not been evaluated, and that recipients should not act on it without FBI coordination; the source is described as a collaborative source with indirect access whose reporting had not been corroborated.~25 Sep 2020 (info dated late Aug 2020)

ODNI / National Intelligence CouncilInteragency Coordination Dispute Over the '4-Country Election Security Graphic'China data — An extended, redacted interagency coordination email thread (27 August – 3 September 2020) over the wording of a graphic titled 'Election Security: Status of Adversary Efforts To Influence the 2020 US Presidential Election,' covering Russia, China, Iran, and a fourth (redacted) country. The exchange documents a dispute among the NIC Election Threat team, CIA, State/INR, FBI, and NSA over whether to state that China 'prefers that the President does not win reelection' and how to characterize Chinese activity. State/INR argues its evidence that China is not interfering is 'stronger than you are acknowledging' and objects to language blurring policy influence with election interference; the FBI's Foreign Influence Task Force–China and CIA raise similar concerns, while the NIC side argues for retaining the 'preference' line.27 Aug – 3 Sep 2020

Office of the Director of National IntelligenceNIC Assessment: Foreign Threats to the 2020 US Federal Elections (19 Aug 2020)Voting systems — This National Intelligence Council Assessment (NICA 2020-06885D), a downgraded version of a paper originally published 19 August 2020, assesses foreign influence threats to the 2020 US federal elections. It names Russia, China, and Iran as the primary influence concerns and judges that adversaries could target election infrastructure but would find it difficult to manipulate vote tallies at scale without detection.19 August 2020

ODNI / National Intelligence CouncilNIC Assessment: 'Foreign Threats to 2020 US Federal Elections' (NICA 2020-06885D)China data — A downgraded National Intelligence Council Assessment (NICA 2020-06885D), 'Foreign Threats to 2020 US Federal Elections,' originally published 19 August 2020 and prepared under the NIO for Cyber. It assesses ongoing and potential foreign influence, focusing primarily on Russia, China, and Iran. The paper judges that Russia is using a range of measures primarily to denigrate former Vice President Biden and to boost President Trump; that China prefers President Trump not win reelection but that Beijing 'did not intend to try to affect the election' and probably calculates that a concerted influence effort would backfire; and that Iran is conducting an influence campaign to undermine the President. It also addresses Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Germany, and evaluates threats to election infrastructure, distinguishing 'election influence' from the narrower 'election interference.'19 Aug 2020

Central Intelligence AgencyCIA WIRe: 'China: Cyber Activities Probably Prelude to Election Espionage'China data — A CIA World Intelligence Review (WIRe) article (WIRe2020-05063, publication date 1 July 2020), produced jointly with the FBI and NSA, assessing that Chinese cyber activity was probably a prelude to election espionage. It records that the Intelligence Community had detected Chinese state-sponsored actors—known in the private sector as APT31—targeting the former Vice President's presidential campaign, which it judged was probably intended to gather intelligence to enable future operations. The article states the IC assessed that China did not currently intend to covertly interfere to sway the election's outcome, while noting the activity could enable such operations if Beijing decided to pursue them.1 Jul 2020

Central Intelligence AgencyCIA WIRe: China — Cyber Activities Probably Prelude to Election EspionageVoting systems — This CIA World Intelligence Review (WIRe) memo, published 1 July 2020 (WIRe2020-05063) and produced jointly with the FBI and NSA, assesses that Chinese cyber activity targeting the 2020 US presidential campaign is probably a prelude to election-related espionage. It reports APT31 spear-phishing of campaign-linked Gmail accounts and judges that China does not currently intend to covertly interfere to sway the outcome, though the activity could enable such operations.1 July 2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunityPresident's Daily Brief (25 June 2020): Beijing Escalating Efforts To Shape US Policies on ChinaChina data — A heavily redacted President's Daily Brief item dated 25 June 2020, declassified 10 July 2026, is titled 'Beijing Escalating Efforts To Shape US Policies on China.' The item reports an allegation that China held derogatory information on a White House official in an attempt to compel a restrained approach toward China, including a threat to reveal the information via social media, and assesses the threat as credible. It notes that lower-level Chinese officials had recommended collecting and using 'black materials' against perceived anti-China U.S. officials since at least January 2019, describing this as the most detailed and authoritative such recommendation seen.25 Jun 2020

Office of the Director of National IntelligenceNIC Memorandum: Vulnerabilities in US 2020 Election Infrastructure (15 Jan 2020)Voting systems — This National Intelligence Council Memorandum on 'Vulnerabilities in US 2020 Election Infrastructure,' dated 15 January 2020, assesses cyber and perception threats to US election systems (only the document's final pages were captured in this extract). It judges that adversaries could make false or exaggerated manipulation claims and conduct disruptive cyber operations that delay reporting or undermine confidence, but that such operations probably would not alter separately stored certified results.15 January 2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunitySummary: China Influence and Cyber Operations Ahead of the 2020 Election (Part 1)China data — A declassified summary (10 July 2026) asserts that ahead of the 2020 presidential elections China had extensive plans to use influence and cyber operations to sway public opinion against the Trump administration and international opinion against the U.S. government. It states the plans were designed to exploit perceived or real U.S. societal fissures and addressed several scenarios, including potential U.S.–China military conflict. This part lists operational themes including economic recession, encouraging violent demonstrations and looting to amplify apparent social unrest, intensifying disapproval of the President, and portraying an ineffective U.S. COVID-19 response.2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunitySummary: China's Alleged Influence and Cyber Operations Plans Ahead of the 2020 Election (Part 3)China data — This one-page declassified summary asserts that, ahead of the 2020 U.S. presidential election, China had extensive plans to use influence and cyber operations to sway public opinion against the Trump administration and international opinion against the U.S. government. It states the plans were designed to exploit perceived U.S. societal fissures and vulnerabilities across scenarios including potential U.S.-China military conflict. The document was declassified by Counsel to the President Warrington on 10 July 2026.Circa 2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunityPRC U.S. Presidential Election-Related Intelligence in 2020 (Publicly Available Information)China data — A redacted document from a sensitive government agency, declassified 10 July 2026, states that in 2020 the PRC collected publicly available information from a U.S. government website to build presidential-election-related intelligence products. It describes the products as infographics and maps intended to provide election officials, interested parties, and voters with information on mail-in voting, post-election, and election-returns procedures that varied by state. Listed products include a mail-in voting processing map, a 2020 policy-change map tied to COVID-19, an election safeguards infographic covering the timeline from Election Day 2020 to Inauguration Day, and an election-results reporting risks-and-mitigation product.2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunitySummary: China Influence and Cyber Operations Ahead of the 2020 Election (Part 2)China data — A declassified summary (10 July 2026), continuing the assessment of China's plans ahead of the 2020 presidential elections, restates that the plans were designed to exploit U.S. societal fissures and influence U.S. government decision-making across scenarios including U.S.–China military conflict. This part enumerates additional operational themes centered on racial tensions, including alleging racial hatred, inciting demonstrations as evidence of racial divides, and heightening conflict between police and anti-racism activists. It further lists themes on U.S. military tensions, political-party and Congress–administration conflicts, women's rights, U.S. South China Sea policy, alleged U.S. war aspirations, and international propaganda.2020

U.S. Intelligence CommunityCompromised U.S. Voter and PII Data Sets Catalogued in a Foreign-Held List (as of 2019)China data — A heavily redacted, OCR-scanned intelligence compilation stating that a foreign entity (identified in the release arc as the PRC) possessed a document, as of 2019, cataloguing large volumes of leaked or compromised data, most of it originating from countries other than the United States. The document asserts that among the entries explicitly identified as U.S.-origin (described as 97), several data sets consisted of personally identifiable information characterized as voter-registration records, including an 'unspecified U.S. voter data' set of 204,822,241 records (about 45 GB) dated 2016. It further inventories named U.S. state voter databases, medical/PII databases, compromised websites, social-networking data, NGO records, and defense-contractor material.As of 2019 (data spans 2009–2018)

U.S. Intelligence CommunityPRC Analysis on U.S. Voter Registration Information from Multiple States (2019)China dataTop Secret (portions); declassified — A redacted intelligence document from a sensitive government agency, declassified 10 July 2026, describes PRC analysis conducted in 2019 on U.S. voter registration information from multiple states to perform identity matching and public-opinion analysis. It states the underlying voter registration records were drawn from the mid-term elections and contained personally identifiable information. The document indicates the data would be mined and used to analyze and identify U.S. citizens in connection with analysis of the U.S. general election, and references intent to continue acquiring state voter registration data.2019

Central Intelligence AgencyCIA Note: Sensitive PRC Reporting from 2018–2020China data — A CIA note, declassified 10 July 2026, compiles portions of sensitive reporting disseminated between 2018 and 2020 concerning the People's Republic of China, stating it is not a comprehensive summary. The reporting asserts that from mid-2018 the Chinese Communist Party's policy was to leverage domestic and foreign elements opposed to the U.S. President to reduce his votes and prevent his re-election, and that China sought to influence the 2018 U.S. mid-term and 2020 presidential elections. It further records assessments that by mid-2019 China aimed to direct resources toward political swing states and pressure financial supporters of the President's campaign.2018–2020